1 10 41 https://coloradocollege.website/ec/files/original/8b540d6791d9942b949b4f304b7af8e8.pdf 2a4739a1ab94839d9fa112050743a3fc https://coloradocollege.website/ec/files/original/e2ea8e61a3a2341bf47a641d23a72841.jpeg 8f6a684a7a1ef84b3e64c25fc0b4ee71 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Timur's Religious Policy Subject The topic of the resource Timur's Religious Policy and Expansion Description An account of the resource During the Timurid Empire, Timur acted as a religious leader who justified his empire’s expansion with religious reason. As a leader, Timur believed in only one God; however, he respected and tolerated other religions. Nevertheless, he was passionate about Islam and Sharia law. Throughout the Timurid Empire's expansion, Timur claimed to be fighting in 'holy wars,' even against different religions and Islamic sects. His military fought for treasures in this world and heaven in the next. Upon victory, he often constructed mosques and persecuted Christians. Religious orthodoxy made an extremely strong comeback into politics and society during the Timurid Empire after being crushed by the Mongols. Timur’s vast empire enabled further Islamic expansion. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mansoora Haider Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Haider, Mansoora. “TIMUR’S RELIGIOUS POLICY.” Proceedings of the Indian History Congress 37 (1976): 425–28. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44139004. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Indian History Congress Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1370 - 1505 Gregorian, 772 - 911 Hijri Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Focused Research Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rise of Sufism Subject The topic of the resource Rise of Sufism between 1000-1500 Gregorian Description An account of the resource Between the 13th and 16th centuries, there was a broad adaptation of Sufism due to charisma, new scholarship and adaptation to local cultures. Rumi, a Sufi poet wrote "What is to be done, O Muslims? for I do not recognize myself. / I am neither Christian, nor Jew, nor Gahr [i.e., Zoroastrian], nor Muslim" (pg. 233). Sufisim transcends typical religious labels in pursuit of a deeper state of spirituality and thus attracted mass attention within the golden age of the Islamic world. Poets like Rumi were widely read and attracted a large following, further growing Islamic culture and mysticism. The writing produced by Sufi thinkers was extremely influential in growing Islam. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan P. Berkey quoting Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1000-1500 Gregorian, 391 - 906 Hijri Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Themes in the rise of Islamic Expansion 1000 - 1500: The Medieval Period Description An account of the resource Berkey categorizes the Medieval Period (IV) as spanning from 1000 to 1500 Gregorian or 391 to 906 Hijri. In the early years, the Arabic world struggled with fragmentation following Ottoman destruction and upheaval. However, by the conclusion of the era, Islam experienced a large resurgence, entering a golden age. The Abbasid Caliphate played a pivotal role in this renewed growth, encouraging intellectual activity. Simultaneously, the popularity of Sufism increased, contributing to a deeper and more nuanced comprehension of religion. Expanded political influence and the revival of Islam in politics enabled Islamic expansion within the inner east. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan P. Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1000 to 1500 Gregorian or 391 to 906 Hijri Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Contextualizing Framework Subject The topic of the resource Themes in the rise of Islamic Expansion 1000 - 1500: The Medieval Period Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Seljuk Empire Subject The topic of the resource Expansion in the Seljuk Empire Description An account of the resource The Seljuk Empire had a significant impact on the expansion of Islam during the medieval period. Converted to Islam by a Sufi missionary, the Seljuks filled a power vacuum left by the Arab Abassaid Caliphate. Led by Turkish nomads, the Seljuk Empire captured Baghdad in 1055 Gregorian, 447 Hijri, ultimately taking over the Abbasid Caliphate. With the capture of Baghdad, the Seljuks provided safety and The Seljuk Empire turned Baghdad into a center of learning with massive advancements in science and religion. Berkey writes about how the Seljuk empire brought “political stability to the central Islamic world, including Iraq, much of Iran, as well as parts of Syria.” Overall, Berkey argues that the Seljuk Empire’s “impact on the course of Islamic history over the rest of the Middle Period was enormous.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan P. Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1055 Gregorian 447 Hijri Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Mamluk Sultanate Subject The topic of the resource Islamic expansion during the Mamluk Sultanate Description An account of the resource The Mamluk Sultanate existed from 1250 to 1517 Gregorian, 648 to 923 Hijri, with their eventual overthrow by the Ottoman empire. Existing primarily in Egypt and Syria, the Mamluks were owned slaves, freed by their masters, but expected to maintain loyalty to the family. The Mamluk Sultanate was a military ruling class of soldiers which had constant tension with the Arabic society the Mamluks controlled. Indeed, Berkey writes that “Mamluk society was characterized by a constant tension between its ruling elite, which was largely (although not exclusively) Turkish in language and cultural orientation, and the Arabic-speaking population over whom they ruled.” The Mamluks' rule over the Arabic speaking population created a sense of “otherness” and confusion within society. However, the sense of “otherness” that Berkey speaks too ultimately allowed “for the spread of religious institutions and especially for deepening the authority of the ulama.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan P. Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1250 to 1517 Gregorian, 648 to 923 Hijri Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Arabia before Islam Subject The topic of the resource How Social Structures and and political power was delegated Description An account of the resource Prior to Islam, Arabia was split up into much smaller factions of communities that were separated by the vast desert. The central theme among these mini civilizations was the concept of kinship/blood relations which was often fabricated to consolidate power. The other common way to power was through military success, where one could earn the term Sharif, also known as nobility. Over time this word became a symbol for one who was a decedent of Muhammed, which further ties in the importance of the idea of Kinship through Islamic History and expansion. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002) Page 40 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 500 - 600 CE Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Muhammed Subject The topic of the resource <div class="element"> <div class="element-text five columns omega"> <p>Muhammed's relation to Islamic expansion.</p> </div> </div> <div class="element"> <div class="field two columns alpha"></div> </div> Description An account of the resource As the widely considered founder of Islam, obviously Muhammed's role in the expansion of the religion cannot be stressed enough. The part of his influence that I specifically want to discuss is why, during a time when Arabia was so disunited and so culturally diverse in terms of region, was Muhammad capable of united the peninsula under one idea. With the introduction of Monotheism in Arabia by religions such as Christianity and Judaism, Muhammad's ideas were accepted among Arab's that were looking for a more unified concept of a higher power. On top of this, the Islamic core beliefs, as wells Muhammed personality and integrity, demonstrated positive reformation in concepts of Equality, justice, and ethics. Through this foundation, as well as local Military success in his home city of Mecca, Muhammad's word, similarly to other religions, began to spread through the Peninsula through trade. Given that the monotheistic region began in Arabia, rather than being introduced to Arabia, this also helped his cause that he had the Arabian people's best interest in mind. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <span>Jonathan Berkey</span> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002). Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 570-632 CE Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Monotheistic Influence Pre-Islam Subject The topic of the resource The Roles Christianity and Judaism played in the formation of Islam. Description An account of the resource Christianity and Judaism, while mainly stationed on opposite sides of the Arabian peninsula, played significant roles in the devilment of monotheistic beliefs prior to Islam. Christianity, specifically in the Ghassanid Kingdom, stationed in Yemen, Syria and the Jordan area, between Rome and Arabia, had a complex society that was influenced by both the Romans and the Arabians. Thier ties to europe made it so they were able to trade throughout the Arabian peninsula, spreading monothiesitc ideas and furhter bringing the scattered tribes at the time closer together. Similarly, Judiasm in The city of Yathrib, whcih later became Medina, had a smaller but still imporant affect on Pre-Islamic Arabia. Like the Ghassids, the Jewish Arabs were active in trade and Jewish beliefs were relativlty prominent in Ilamic justice and moralilty. Muhammed also intereacted with Jewish communites during his migration (Hijra) to Medina. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 224–651 CE Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Themes in the rise of Islamic Expansion Between 300 - 600 CE Subject The topic of the resource Highlighting Theme Description An account of the resource The main theme of Pre Islamic Arabia was the constant disunification of the peninsula in regard to culture, religion, and proximity. With the introduction of Islam we see a shift in the way Arabia operated as a unit rather than a collection of smaller civilizations. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 300 - 600 CE Type The nature or genre of the resource Contextualizing Framework Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Aisha, The Caliphs, and Expansion of Islam After Muhammad's Death Subject The topic of the resource How Muhammed's 3rd wife Aisha and the Caliphate continued Islamic expansion Description An account of the resource Aisha's proximity to Muhammad allowed her to absorb his teachings and spirituality, and the value of Kinship in Arabic society helped her continue to lead the charge after his death. Given that he was the face of Islam, The power gap he left behind caused divisions among powerful Islamic leaders, but it also had the effect of branching Islam out in different directions through each figure, such as the Caliph's and Aisha for example, spread Islam in their own way which further allowed for more flexibility in the integration of the Religion in surrounding civilizations. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jonathan Berkey Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Berkey, Jonathan P. The Formation of Islam (Cambridge University Press, 2002) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Cambridge University Press Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 632 CE Type The nature or genre of the resource Related Text