Browse Items (41 total)

A theme of the period that Berkey refers to as the emergence of Islam is that there is a large amount of movement and statements made by the new…

This journal article from 2012 is a discussion and study of what reactions by Muslims were to the early appointment of non-Muslims to positions of…

This is a Journal Article from 2011, showing the part that non-Muslims - who were also known as Dhimmis - had to play under the Abbasid period.…

Ibn Muqla was described as a calligrapher, scribe, and vizier during his life. An entirely self made man, Ibn Muqla was already working at the center…

This map from 1200 AD / 596 AH shows the expansion of Islam that had occurred before and leading up to 1200. This connects to and is important to our…

The most accurate translation of Ilm would be “religious knowledge”. Different forms of Islamic power during the Middle Period put different emphasis…

Mazalim is the way in which ruling elites began to directly become involved in the legal matters among their subjects by use of this jurisdiction…

A sort of bureau that existed during the Abbasid caliphate. It is described at the time of its use as being “a term of murky origins that came to…

“A means of balancing the centripetal and centrifugal forces” (Berkey, 146). Ijma is a doctrine of the practice of law in Sunni Islam, and is seen as…

A Jawari is precisely defined as a slave woman in Arabic society. The rights and rules around being a slave woman changed with different eras in…