<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="38" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://coloradocollege.website/om/items/show/38?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-11-15T01:00:48+00:00">
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="289">
              <text>Understanding masculinity in the treatment of Jawaris in Abbasid Baghdad</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="49">
          <name>Subject</name>
          <description>The topic of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="290">
              <text>&lt;div class="element"&gt;
&lt;div class="element-text five columns omega"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;These passages examine a less romantic, more violent and oppressive side to masculinity in Islamic societies.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div class="element"&gt;
&lt;div class="field two columns alpha"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="291">
              <text>While the Bedouin poets showed the emotional vulnerability of men in some cases, the treatment of enslaved women, or jawaris, displays an err of dominance, violence, and injustice. Comparing these excerpts to those in desert tracings, both sources use poetry as a medium to explore gender relations, albeit the latter source more critically. Dominance is displayed as the "Slave woman poses as the perfect subordinate. As a woman she submits to her husband, as a slave she submits to her master, and as a subject she submits to the sovereign." However, there is still a sort of mutual morality for the man, who must treat her justly as she is in his custody, and she is guaranteed a moral right for protection even while subordinated. The text goes on to describe how jawari represented this in verse: "jawari who represent themselves as obedient slaves and, yet, mistreated subordinates in poems, improvised verses..."</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="292">
              <text>Pernilla Myrne</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="293">
              <text>Chapter 3 of Concubines and Courtesans: Women and Slavery in Islamic History: A Jariya's Prospects in Abbasid Baghdad</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="294">
              <text>796</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
</item>
